The eloquence of the scribes thesis

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content: Per Ankh,pp. For a while in the mids, the writer Ayi Kwei Armah published a number of expository essays in the now-defunct West Africa magazine. One thing was common to the articles:

His distinguished abilities and his dexterity as a copyist of manuscripts brought him into early notice with the chief scholars of Florence: He studied notarial law, and, at the age of twenty-one he was received into the Florentine notaries' guildthe Arte dei giudici e notai.

Career and later life[ edit ] In Octoberon high recommendations from Salutati and Leonardo Bruni "Leonardo Aretino" he entered the service of Cardinal Landolfo Maramaldo, Bishop of Barias his secretary, and a few months later he was invited to join the Chancery of Apostolic Briefs in the Roman Curia of Pope Boniface IXthus embarking on eleven turbulent years during which he served under four successive popes — ; first as scriptor writer of official documentssoon moving up to abbreviatorthen scriptor penitentiarius, and scriptor apostolicus.

The 14th century

Under Martin V he reached the top rank of his office, as Apostolicus Secretarius, papal secretary. As such he functioned as a personal attendant amanuensis of the Pope, writing letters at his behest and dictation, with no formal registration of the briefs, but merely preserving copies.

He was esteemed for his excellent Latin, his extraordinarily beautiful book handand as occasional liaison with Florence, which involved him in legal and diplomatic work. Throughout his long office of 50 years, Poggio served a total of seven popes: While he held his office in the Curia through that momentous period, which saw the Councils of Constance —in the train of Pope John XXIII, and of Basel —and the final restoration of the papacy under Nicholas Vhe was never attracted to the ecclesiastical life and the lure of its potential riches.

In spite of his meager salary in the Curia, he remained a layman to the end of his life.

The Eloquence of Scribes by Ayi Kwei Armah

The greater part of Poggio's long life was spent in attendance to his duties in the Roman Curia at Rome and the other cities the pope was constrained to move his court.

Although he spent most of his adult life in his papal service, he considered himself a Florentine working for the papacy.

He actively kept his links to Florence and remained in constant communication with his learned and influential Florentine friends: In England[ edit ] After Martin V was elected as the new pope in NovemberPoggio, although not holding any office, accompanied his court to Mantua in latebut, once there, decided to accept the invitation of Henry, Cardinal Beaufortbishop of Winchester, to go to England.

His five years spent in England, until returning to Rome inwere the least productive and satisfactory of his life. On the proceeds of a sale of a manuscript of Livy inhe built himself a villa in the Valdarnowhich he adorned with a collection of antique sculpture notably a series of busts meant to represent thinkers and writers of Antiquitycoins and inscriptions, works that were familiar to his friend Donatello.

In Decemberat age 56, tired of the unstable character of his single life, Poggio left his long-term mistress and delegitimized the fourteen children he had had with the mistress, scoured Florence for a wife, and married a girl not yet eighteen, Selvaggia dei Buondelmonti, of a noble Florentine family.

In spite of the remonstrances and dire predictions of all his friends about the age discrepancy, the marriage was a happy one, producing five sons and a daughter. Poggio wrote a spate of long letters to justify his move, and composed one of his famous dialogues, An Seni Sit uxor ducenda On Marriage in Old Age, [5] From to during the Council of FlorencePoggio also lived in Florence.

At stake was the new approach of the humanae litterae profane classical Greek and Latin literature in relation to the divinae litterae biblical exegesis of the Judeo-Christian "sacred scriptures".

Will All Things be Revealed?

Valla claimed that biblical texts could be subjected to the same philological criticism as the great classics of antiquity.

Poggio held that humanism and theology were separate fields of inquiry, and labeled Valla's mordacitas radical criticism as dementia. It is remarkable that eventually the belligerents acknowledged their talents, gained their mutual respect, and prompted by Filelfo, reconciled, and became good friends.

Shepherd finely comments on Valla's advantage in the literary dispute: These sportive polemics among the early Italian humanists were famous, and spawned a literary fashion in Europe which reverberated later, for instance, in Scaliger 's contentions with Scioppius and Milton 's with Salmasius.

Erasmusindiscovered Lorenzo Valla's Adnotationes in Novum Testamentum New Testament Noteswhich encouraged him to pursue the textual criticism of the Holy Scriptures, free of all academic entanglements that might cramp or hinder his scholarly independence — contributing to Erasmus's stature of leading Dutch Renaissance humanist.

Camporeale in his essay on the Poggio-Lorenzo dispute. Later years and death[ edit ] After the death, in Aprilof his intimate friend Carlo Aretino, who had been the Chancellor of the Florentine Republicthe choice of his replacement, mostly dictated by Cosimo de' Medici, fell upon Poggio.

He resolved to retire from his service of 50 years in the Chancery of Rome, and returned to Florence to assume this new function. This coincided with the news of the fall of Constantinople to the Ottomans. He died in before he could put the final polish to his work, and was buried in the church of Santa Croce.

A statue by Donatello and a portrait by Antonio del Pollaiuolo remain to commemorate a citizen who chiefly for his services to humanistic literature deserved the notice of posterity.This bibliography includes primary source texts relevant to the literary, historical, cultural, and religious milieu of Lollardy as well as those specifically by and about Lollard writers–and so, it is also a good place to start for work on later medieval religious culture in England at large.

The Eloquence of the Scribes: A Memoir on the Sources and Resources of African Literature [Ayi Kwei Armah] on regardbouddhiste.com *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. This literary memoir by Armah, author of TWO THOUSAND SEASONS, unearths buried connections between the oral and written traditions of ancient Egypt5/5(3).

Exploring the biblical background of the need for a Redeemer is crucial to understanding both the integrity of the Bible and the identity of Jesus. Before we. A Dutch Jewish rationalist, Baruch or Benedict de Spinoza was born Spinozism regardbouddhiste.com regardbouddhiste.com:2, 3.

in Amsterdam into a distinguished Jewish family, exiled from Spain Introduction {and living in the relative religious freedom of the Netherlands. He. attended the Jewish school, and became learned in .

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